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高纯乙炔
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高纯乙炔

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高纯乙炔产品说明
乙炔也叫电石气,在常温常压下为无色、具有弱麻醉和阻止细胞氧化的作用的微毒、易燃气体。工业上,是由一种富含碳酸钙的电石矿发生水解生产乙炔。在空气中爆炸极限2.5%~80%。纯乙炔没有气味,但是由于生产乙炔的电石原料中含有少量钙的硫化物和磷化物,固工业乙炔含有磷化氢、硫化氢等杂质而有讨厌的大蒜气味。常压下不能液化,难溶于水,易溶于石油醚、乙醇、苯等有机溶剂,在丙酮中溶解度极大,固工业上的乙炔是溶解在丙酮里面的乙炔,也叫溶解乙炔。,主要应用于金属的焊接和切割、有机合成、原子吸收光谱、标准气、校正气、合成橡胶、照明。
高纯乙炔的应用
乙炔跟氧气一起组成氧乙炔火焰温度可达3200℃,常用于造船、钢结构等金属切割
高纯乙炔用于原子吸收等仪器
乙炔用于合成医药、化学中间体乙烯基乙炔或二乙烯基乙炔
用于生产变压器油分析标准气等标准气体
乙炔在400~500℃高温下,可以发生环状三聚合生成苯;以氰化镍Ni(CN)2为催化剂,在50℃和1.2~2MPa下,可以生成环辛四烯
以乙炔气体作为毁伤元素的“乙炔炸弹”用于毁伤坦克或其他装甲车辆。
高纯乙炔注意事项
乙炔通常是溶解在丙酮等溶剂及多孔物中,装入钢瓶内,钢瓶应存放在阴凉通风干燥之处,库温不宜超过40℃。最好要在室外单独隔离存放。要远离火种、热源,避免阳光直射,要与氧气、压缩空气、氧化剂、氟氯溴、铜银汞、铜盐、汞盐、银盐、过氧化有机物、炸药、毒物、放射性材料等隔离。
移动乙炔钢瓶时,应用专用钢瓶手推车,做到轻拿轻放,运输途中必须戴好钢瓶上的安全帽,以免损伤钢瓶附件而产生危险。
使用YQE-213等乙炔专用减压器减压后使用,并跟乙炔阻火器一起使用,严防回火。
乙炔钢瓶瓶颈有钢瓶检验时间,过期钢瓶应委托谱源气体等乙炔经销商到相关压力容器检验单位进行检验,严禁使用过期钢瓶。
乙炔管道设备管道应接地,要严格密封。乙炔气体管道使用前应进行氮气试压和肥皂水试漏,保证乙炔管道不泄露。
工业乙炔中常混有磷化氢、硫化氢等气体,故常伴有此类毒物的毒作用,工作场所应保持通风。
高纯乙炔的理化性质
分子量:26.038
三相点:(128kPa):-80.55℃
沸点(170kPa): -75.0℃
液体密度(-80.75℃):610kg/m3
气体密度(273.15K,101.325kPa):1.1747kg/m3
相对密度(空气=1,0℃,101.325kPa):0.908
比容(15.6℃,101.325kPa):0.9008m3/kg
气液容积比(15℃,100kPa):556L/L
临界温度:3532℃
临界压力:6190kPa
临界密度:230.4kg/m3
压缩系数:
温度K
压力kPa
50.66
101.33
506.63
1013.25
290
0.9985
0.9927
0.9601
0.9184
320
O.9969
0.9941
0.9708
0.9405
熔化热(-80.75℃,128kPa):96.4kJ/kg
气化热(-83.80℃,101.325kPa):801.36kJ/kg
比热容(0℃,101.33kPa):Cp=1636.62J/(kg•K)    Cv=1308.79J/(kg•K)
比热比(26.8℃,101.325kPa):Cp/Cv=1.234
乙炔蒸气压(-20℃):1510kPa    (0℃):2665kPa    (20℃):4367kPa
粘度(101.33kPa,20℃):0.0103mPa•s
导热系数(101.325kPa,200K):0.01181W/(m•K)
折射率(20℃,101.325kPa,5876A,气体):n=1.000598
乙炔空气中可燃范围(20℃,101.325kPa):2.2%~85%
乙炔空气中最低自然点(101.325kPa):305℃
空气中当量燃烧时火焰温度:2950℃
空气中当量燃烧时最大火焰速度:1.46m/s
在氧气中可燃范围(20℃,101.325kPa):2.8%~93%
在氧气中最低自燃点(101.325kPa):296℃
在氧气中当量燃烧时火焰温度:3070℃
在氧气中当量燃烧时最大火焰速度:7.60m/s    
在氧气中当量燃烧时燃烧热:58492J/m3(上限)   56442J/m3(下限)
空气中产生最大爆炸压力的浓度:14.5%
最大爆炸压力:10.3kg/cm3
最小引燃能量:0.019mJ
毒性级别:1
易燃性级别:4
易爆性级别:3
乙炔在常温常压下为具有麻醉性的无色可燃气体。纯时没有气味,但是在有杂质时有讨厌的大蒜气味。比空气轻,能与空气形成爆炸性混合物,极易燃烧和爆炸。微溶于水,在25℃、101.325kPa时,在水中的溶解度为0.94cm3/cm3。溶于酒精、丙酮、苯、乙醚等。
规格和技术指标
容器规格
容器尺寸 (cm)
平均重量 (kg)
阀门/螺纹出口 
充装量
40L乙炔钢瓶,白色
25×110
43
QF-15A/CGA510
压力≤1.2MPa净重3.0kg
成分
 
工业乙炔
高纯乙炔
电子级乙炔
单位
乙炔
98.00%
99.90%
100.00%
%V
一氧化碳
-
-
1
ppmv
二氧化碳
-
-
1
ppmv
总碳
-
-
0.1
ppmv
水分
-
-
3
ppmv
磷化氢
 
 
硝酸银试纸不变色
-
 
硫化氢
 
 
硝酸银试纸不变色
-
 
 
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